Jordan Journal of Nursing Research
Characteristics and Healing Duration of Pressure Injuries in Adult Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Chart Review

Authors:

Hebah Al Bakri; Ahmad Al Hroub; Anwar Al-Refai; Ghadeer Baroud; Majeda Al-Ruzzieh;

Abstract:

 

Background: Pressure injuries among cancer patients remain a significant concern for both patients and healthcare providers. While previous studies have examined prevalence, incidence, prevention strategies, and management interventions, the specific characteristics and healing duration of pressure injuries in oncological populations remain underexplored.

Aim: This study aims to describe the characteristics of pressure injuries among cancer patients and to estimate the healing duration across Stage I–IV and unstageable categories.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted at a specialized oncology center. Medical records of 155 eligible patients were retrieved. Data collection included demographic and clinical characteristics, pressure injury assessments upon admission using the Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH) score, and documentation of incidence during hospitalization.

Results: A total of 303 pressure injuries achieved complete healing. The buttock was the most frequent anatomical site (49.8%), followed by the sacro-coccygeal region (31.7%). Most cases were Stage I (49.2%) and Stage II (36.9%), with 96.4% being home-acquired. The median healing duration across all sites and stages was 13 days (IQR = 20; range = 182), the mean was 22.5 days (SD = 24.5). Unstageable injuries required the longest healing period (mean 99.1 days, SD = 52.8), compared with Stage I (11.1 days, SD = 8.6), Stage II (23.1 days, SD = 15.6), and Stage III (55 days, SD = 26.4). Healing duration varied by anatomical site, with vertebral injuries taking the longest and shoulder injuries the shortest.

Conclusion: Healing duration differs by stage and anatomical site. The predominance of home-acquired injuries highlights the need for strengthened community-based prevention and management strategies.

Implications for Nursing: Nurses should anticipate variability in healing times, recognize distinct injury characteristics, and apply this knowledge to improve prevention, management, and caregiver education.

Keywords:

pressure injuries, healing duration, oncology